boardgame-core/README.md

# boardgame-core

A state management library for board games using [Preact Signals](https://preactjs.com/guide/v10/signals/).

Build turn-based board games with reactive state, entity collections, spatial regions, and a command-driven game loop.

## Features

- **Reactive State Management**: Fine-grained reactivity powered by [@preact/signals-core](https://preactjs.com/guide/v10/signals/)
- **Type Safe**: Full TypeScript support with strict mode and generic context extension
- **Region System**: Spatial management with multi-axis positioning, alignment, and shuffling
- **Command System**: CLI-style command parsing with schema validation, type coercion, and prompt support
- **Deterministic RNG**: Seeded pseudo-random number generator (Mulberry32) for reproducible game states

## Installation

```bash
npm install boardgame-core
```

## Writing a Game

### Defining a Game

Each game defines a command registry and exports a `createInitialState` function:

```ts
import {
    createGameCommandRegistry,
    Region,
    createRegion,
} from 'boardgame-core';

// 1. Define your game-specific state
type MyGameState = {
    board: Region;
    parts: Record<string, { id: string; regionId: string; position: number[] }>;
    score: { white: number; black: number };
    currentPlayer: 'white' | 'black';
    winner: 'white' | 'black' | 'draw' | null;
};

// 2. Create initial state factory
export function createInitialState(): MyGameState {
    return {
        board: createRegion('board', [
            { name: 'x', min: 0, max: 5 },
            { name: 'y', min: 0, max: 5 },
        ]),
        parts: {},
        score: { white: 0, black: 0 },
        currentPlayer: 'white',
        winner: null,
    };
}

// 3. Create registry and register commands
const registration = createGameCommandRegistry<MyGameState>();
export const registry = registration.registry;

registration.add('place <row:number> <col:number>', async function(cmd) {
    const [row, col] = cmd.params as [number, number];
    const player = this.context.value.currentPlayer;

    // Mutate state via produce()
    this.context.produce(state => {
        state.score[player] += 1;
    });

    return { success: true };
});
```

### Running a Game

```ts
import { createGameContext } from 'boardgame-core';
import { registry, createInitialState } from './my-game';

const game = createGameContext(registry, createInitialState);

// Run commands through the context
const result = await game.commands.run('place 2 3');
if (result.success) {
    console.log(result.result);
}

// Access reactive game state
console.log(game.state.value.score.white);
```

### Handling Player Input

Commands can prompt for player input using `this.prompt()`. Use `promptQueue.pop()` to wait for prompt events:

```ts
import { createGameContext } from 'boardgame-core';
import { registry, createInitialState } from './my-game';

const game = createGameContext(registry, createInitialState);

// Start a command that will prompt for input
const runPromise = game.commands.run('turn X 1');

// Wait for the prompt event
const promptEvent = await game.commands.promptQueue.pop();
console.log(promptEvent.schema.name); // e.g. 'play'

// Validate and submit player input
const error = promptEvent.tryCommit('play X 1 2');

if (error) {
    console.log('Invalid move:', error);
    // tryCommit can be called again with corrected input
} else {
    // Input accepted, command continues
    const result = await runPromise;
}
```

If the player needs to cancel instead of committing:

```ts
promptEvent.cancel('player quit');
```

## Sample Games

### Tic-Tac-Toe

The simplest example. Shows the basic command loop, 2D board regions, and win detection.

See [`src/samples/tic-tac-toe.ts`](src/samples/tic-tac-toe.ts).

### Boop

A more complex game with piece types (kittens/cats), supply management, the "boop" push mechanic, and graduation rules.

See [`src/samples/boop/index.ts`](src/samples/boop/index.ts).

## Region System

```ts
import { applyAlign, shuffle, moveToRegion } from 'boardgame-core';

// Compact cards in a hand towards the start
applyAlign(handRegion, parts);

// Shuffle positions of all parts in a region
shuffle(handRegion, parts, rng);

// Move a part from one region to another
moveToRegion(part, sourceRegion, targetRegion, [0, 0]);
```

## Command Parsing

```ts
import { parseCommand, parseCommandSchema, validateCommand } from 'boardgame-core';

// Parse a command string
const cmd = parseCommand('move card1 hand --force -x 10');
// { name: 'move', params: ['card1', 'hand'], flags: { force: true }, options: { x: '10' } }

// Define and validate against a schema
const schema = parseCommandSchema('move <from> <to> [--force] [-x: number]');
const result = validateCommand(cmd, schema);
// { valid: true }
```

## Random Number Generation

```ts
import { createRNG } from 'boardgame-core';

const rng = createRNG(12345);
rng.nextInt(6);       // 0-5
rng.next();           // [0, 1)
rng.next(100);        // [0, 100)
rng.setSeed(999);     // reseed
```

## API Reference

### Core

| Export | Description |
|---|---|
| `IGameContext` | Base interface for the game context (state, commands) |
| `createGameContext(registry, initialState?)` | Create a game context instance. `initialState` can be an object or factory function |
| `createGameCommandRegistry<TState>()` | Create a command registry with fluent `.add()` API |

### Parts

| Export | Description |
|---|---|
| `Part<TMeta>` | Type representing a game piece with sides, position, and region. `TMeta` for game-specific fields |
| `PartTemplate<TMeta>` | Template type for creating parts (excludes `id`, requires metadata) |
| `PartPool<TMeta>` | Pool of parts with `draw()`, `return()`, and `remaining()` methods |
| `createPart(template, id)` | Create a single part from a template |
| `createParts(template, count, idPrefix)` | Create multiple identical parts with auto-generated IDs |
| `createPartPool(template, count, idPrefix)` | Create a pool of parts for lazy loading |
| `mergePartPools(...pools)` | Merge multiple part pools into one |
| `findPartById(parts, id)` | Find a part by ID in an array |
| `isCellOccupied(parts, regionId, position)` | Check if a cell is occupied |
| `getPartAtPosition(parts, regionId, position)` | Get the part at a specific position |
| `flip(part)` | Cycle to the next side |
| `flipTo(part, side)` | Set to a specific side |
| `roll(part, rng)` | Randomize side using RNG |

### Regions

| Export | Description |
|---|---|
| `Region` | Type for spatial grouping of parts with axis-based positioning |
| `RegionAxis` | Axis definition with min/max/align |
| `createRegion(id, axes)` | Create a new region |
| `applyAlign(region, parts)` | Compact parts according to axis alignment |
| `shuffle(region, parts, rng)` | Randomize part positions |
| `moveToRegion(part, sourceRegion?, targetRegion, position?)` | Move a part to another region. `sourceRegion` is optional for first placement |
| `moveToRegionAll(parts, sourceRegion?, targetRegion, positions?)` | Move multiple parts to another region. `sourceRegion` is optional for first placement |
| `removeFromRegion(part, region)` | Remove a part from its region |

### Commands

| Export | Description |
|---|---|
| `parseCommand(input)` | Parse a command string into a `Command` object |
| `parseCommandSchema(schema)` | Parse a schema string into a `CommandSchema` |
| `validateCommand(cmd, schema)` | Validate a command against a schema |
| `parseCommandWithSchema(cmd, schema)` | Parse and validate in one step |
| `applyCommandSchema(cmd, schema)` | Apply schema validation and return validated command |
| `createCommandRegistry<TContext>()` | Create a new command registry |
| `registerCommand(registry, runner)` | Register a command runner |
| `unregisterCommand(registry, name)` | Remove a command from the registry |
| `hasCommand(registry, name)` | Check if a command exists |
| `getCommand(registry, name)` | Get a command runner by name |
| `runCommand(registry, context, input)` | Parse and run a command string |
| `runCommandParsed(registry, context, command)` | Run a pre-parsed command |
| `createCommandRunnerContext(registry, context)` | Create a command runner context |
| `PromptEvent` | Event dispatched when a command prompts for input |

### Utilities

| Export | Description |
|---|---|
| `createRNG(seed?)` | Create a seeded RNG instance |
| `Mulberry32RNG` | Mulberry32 PRNG class |

## Scripts

```bash
npm run build       # Build ESM bundle + declarations to dist/
npm run test        # Run tests in watch mode
npm run test:run    # Run tests once
npm run typecheck   # Type check with TypeScript
```

## License

MIT