oecs-sharp/Game.Blackjack.Tests/PlayTests.cs

using FluentAssertions;
using Game.Blackjack;
using OECS;
using R3;
using Xunit;

namespace Game.Blackjack.Tests;

public class PlayTests
{
    private const int StartingChips = 100;
    private const int BetAmount = 10;

    [Fact]
    public void Play_BasicStrategy()
    {
        var log = new PlayLog();
        var (world, group) = SetupGame(seed: 42);

        world.ObserveComponentChanges<Card>().Subscribe(change =>
        {
            var card = world.ReadComponent<Card>(change.Entity);
            log.Reactivity.Add($"{change.Kind} Card = {card} on {change.Entity}");
        });
        world.ObserveComponentChanges<GameState>().Subscribe(change =>
        {
            var state = world.ReadComponent<GameState>(change.Entity);
            log.Reactivity.Add($"{change.Kind} GameState = {state}");
        });

        var agent = new BasicStrategyAgent();
        log.Header = $"Blackjack: Basic Strategy (seed=42, agent={agent})";

        RunUntilDone(world, group, agent, log);

        log.FinalSnapshot = SnapshotWorld(world);

        var path = SavePlayLog("blackjack_basic_strategy.playlog", log);
        ReadAndVerify(path);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void Play_RandomAgent()
    {
        var log = new PlayLog();
        var (world, group) = SetupGame(seed: 123);

        world.ObserveComponentChanges<Card>().Subscribe(change =>
        {
            var card = world.ReadComponent<Card>(change.Entity);
            log.Reactivity.Add($"{change.Kind} Card = {card} on {change.Entity}");
        });
        world.ObserveComponentChanges<GameState>().Subscribe(change =>
        {
            var state = world.ReadComponent<GameState>(change.Entity);
            log.Reactivity.Add($"{change.Kind} GameState = {state}");
        });

        var agent = new RandomBlackjackAgent();
        log.Header = $"Blackjack: Random Agent (seed=123, agent={agent})";

        RunUntilDone(world, group, agent, log);

        log.FinalSnapshot = SnapshotWorld(world);

        var path = SavePlayLog("blackjack_random_agent.playlog", log);
        ReadAndVerify(path);
    }

    [Fact]
    public void Play_WeightedPool()
    {
        var log = new PlayLog();
        var (world, group) = SetupGame(seed: 77);

        world.ObserveComponentChanges<Card>().Subscribe(change =>
        {
            var card = world.ReadComponent<Card>(change.Entity);
            log.Reactivity.Add($"{change.Kind} Card = {card} on {change.Entity}");
        });
        world.ObserveComponentChanges<GameState>().Subscribe(change =>
        {
            var state = world.ReadComponent<GameState>(change.Entity);
            log.Reactivity.Add($"{change.Kind} GameState = {state}");
        });

        var pool = new WeightedAgentPool();
        pool.Add(new BasicStrategyAgent(), 7);
        pool.Add(new RandomBlackjackAgent(), 3);

        var agent = pool.Pick();
        log.Header = $"Blackjack: Weighted Pool (seed=77, agent={agent})";

        RunUntilDone(world, group, agent, log);

        log.FinalSnapshot = SnapshotWorld(world);

        var path = SavePlayLog("blackjack_weighted_pool.playlog", log);
        ReadAndVerify(path);
    }

    // ── Play Log ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    private sealed class PlayLog
    {
        public string Header { get; set; } = "";
        public readonly List<string> RoundSummaries = new();
        public readonly List<string> Decisions = new();
        public readonly List<string> Reactivity = new();
        public string FinalSnapshot { get; set; } = "";

        public string Build()
        {
            var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
            sb.AppendLine(Header);
            sb.AppendLine(new string('=', Header.Length));
            sb.AppendLine();
            sb.AppendLine("--- Round Summaries ---");
            for (int i = 0; i < RoundSummaries.Count; i++)
                sb.AppendLine($"  Round {i + 1}: {RoundSummaries[i]}");
            sb.AppendLine();
            sb.AppendLine("--- Decisions ---");
            for (int i = 0; i < Decisions.Count; i++)
                sb.AppendLine($"  {i + 1}. {Decisions[i]}");
            sb.AppendLine();
            sb.AppendLine("--- Reactivity ---");
            foreach (var entry in Reactivity)
                sb.AppendLine($"  {entry}");
            sb.AppendLine();
            sb.AppendLine("--- Final State ---");
            sb.AppendLine(FinalSnapshot);
            return sb.ToString();
        }
    }

    // ── Round Runner ──────────────────────────────────────────────────

    private static (World, SystemGroup) SetupGame(uint seed)
    {
        var world = new World();
        var group = new SystemGroup(world);
        group.Add(new DeckSetupSystem());
        group.Add(new DealSystem());
        group.Add(new PlayerBustCheckSystem());
        group.Add(new DealerSystem());

        world.SetSingleton(new GameState
        {
            Phase = GamePhase.Betting,
            Result = RoundResult.None,
            Chips = StartingChips,
            CurrentBet = 0,
            RoundNumber = 1,
            Seed = seed
        });
        world.PostChanges();

        return (world, group);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Runs rounds until the player runs out of chips (can't afford minimum bet)
    /// or doubles their starting chips.
    /// </summary>
    private static void RunUntilDone(World world, SystemGroup group, IBlackjackAgent agent, PlayLog log)
    {
        int totalRounds = 0;
        int wins = 0;
        int losses = 0;
        int pushes = 0;

        while (true)
        {
            var state = world.ReadSingleton<GameState>();
            int chips = state.Chips;

            // Stop conditions.
            if (chips < BetAmount)
            {
                log.Header += $" — BUSTED after {totalRounds} rounds";
                break;
            }
            if (chips >= StartingChips * 2)
            {
                log.Header += $" — DOUBLED after {totalRounds} rounds";
                break;
            }

            // Safety: max 200 rounds to prevent infinite loops.
            if (totalRounds >= 200)
            {
                log.Header += $" — MAX ROUNDS ({totalRounds})";
                break;
            }

            // Place bet and run dealing.
            world.Commands.Enqueue(new PlaceBetCommand { Amount = BetAmount });
            group.RunLogical();

            // Player turn: agent decides hit/stand.
            int roundHits = 0;
            while (world.ReadSingleton<GameState>().Phase == GamePhase.PlayerTurn)
            {
                var total = HandUtil.CalculateHand(world, new PlayerHand());
                var decision = agent.Decide(world);
                log.Decisions.Add($"R{totalRounds + 1} Hand={total}, Decision={decision}");

                if (decision == BlackjackDecision.Hit)
                {
                    world.Commands.Enqueue(new HitCommand());
                    roundHits++;
                }
                else
                {
                    world.Commands.Enqueue(new StandCommand());
                }

                group.RunLogical();
            }

            // Record round result.
            state = world.ReadSingleton<GameState>();
            int newChips = state.Chips;
            int delta = newChips - chips;
            string summary = $"{state.Result} | Bet={BetAmount} | Chips: {chips}→{newChips} ({delta:+0;-#}) | Hits: {roundHits}";
            log.RoundSummaries.Add(summary);

            switch (state.Result)
            {
                case RoundResult.PlayerWin:
                case RoundResult.DealerBust:
                    wins++;
                    break;
                case RoundResult.DealerWin:
                case RoundResult.PlayerBust:
                    losses++;
                    break;
                case RoundResult.Push:
                    pushes++;
                    break;
            }

            totalRounds++;

            // Start next round.
            world.Commands.Enqueue(new NewRoundCommand());
            group.RunLogical();
        }

        log.Header += $" | W:{wins} L:{losses} P:{pushes}";
    }

    // ── Snapshot ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    private static string SnapshotWorld(World world)
    {
        var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
        var state = world.ReadSingleton<GameState>();
        sb.AppendLine($"Phase: {state.Phase}");
        sb.AppendLine($"Chips: {state.Chips}, Bet: {state.CurrentBet}");
        sb.AppendLine($"Round: {state.RoundNumber}");
        sb.AppendLine($"Result: {state.Result}");

        var playerHand = FindEntity<PlayerHand>(world);
        if (playerHand != Entity.Null)
        {
            sb.AppendLine($"Player ({HandUtil.CalculateHand(world, new PlayerHand())}):");
            foreach (var card in GetHandCards(world, playerHand))
                sb.AppendLine($"  {card}");
        }

        var dealerHand = FindEntity<DealerHand>(world);
        if (dealerHand != Entity.Null)
        {
            sb.AppendLine($"Dealer ({HandUtil.CalculateHand(world, new DealerHand())}):");
            foreach (var card in GetHandCards(world, dealerHand))
                sb.AppendLine($"  {card}");
        }

        return sb.ToString().TrimEnd();
    }

    private static Entity FindEntity<T>(World world) where T : struct
    {
        using var iter = world.Select<T>();
        while (iter.MoveNext())
            if (iter.CurrentEntity != World.SingletonEntity)
                return iter.CurrentEntity;
        return Entity.Null;
    }

    private static List<string> GetHandCards(World world, Entity hand)
    {
        var cards = new List<string>();
        foreach (var cardEntity in world.GetSources<Holds>(hand))
        {
            var card = world.ReadComponent<Card>(cardEntity);
            cards.Add($"{card.Rank} of {card.Suit}");
        }
        return cards;
    }

    // ── File I/O ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    private static string SavePlayLog(string filename, PlayLog log)
    {
        var dir = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, "playlogs");
        Directory.CreateDirectory(dir);
        var path = Path.Combine(dir, filename);
        File.WriteAllText(path, log.Build());
        return path;
    }

    private static void ReadAndVerify(string path)
    {
        var content = File.ReadAllText(path);

        content.Should().Contain("--- Round Summaries ---");
        content.Should().Contain("--- Decisions ---");
        content.Should().Contain("--- Reactivity ---");
        content.Should().Contain("--- Final State ---");
        content.Should().Contain("Result:");
    }

    // ── Agents ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    private enum BlackjackDecision { Hit, Stand }

    private interface IBlackjackAgent
    {
        BlackjackDecision Decide(World world);
    }

    private sealed class BasicStrategyAgent : IBlackjackAgent
    {
        public BlackjackDecision Decide(World world)
        {
            var total = HandUtil.CalculateHand(world, new PlayerHand());
            return total < 17 ? BlackjackDecision.Hit : BlackjackDecision.Stand;
        }
        public override string ToString() => "BasicStrategy";
    }

    private sealed class RandomBlackjackAgent : IBlackjackAgent
    {
        private static readonly Random _rng = new();
        public BlackjackDecision Decide(World world)
        {
            var total = HandUtil.CalculateHand(world, new PlayerHand());
            if (total >= 21) return BlackjackDecision.Stand;
            return _rng.Next(2) == 0 ? BlackjackDecision.Hit : BlackjackDecision.Stand;
        }
        public override string ToString() => "Random";
    }

    private sealed class WeightedAgentPool
    {
        private readonly List<(IBlackjackAgent Agent, int Weight)> _agents = new();
        private int _totalWeight;
        private static readonly Random _rng = new();

        public void Add(IBlackjackAgent agent, int weight)
        {
            _agents.Add((agent, weight));
            _totalWeight += weight;
        }

        public IBlackjackAgent Pick()
        {
            int roll = _rng.Next(_totalWeight);
            int cumulative = 0;
            foreach (var (agent, weight) in _agents)
            {
                cumulative += weight;
                if (roll < cumulative)
                    return agent;
            }
            return _agents[^1].Agent;
        }
    }
}